High School ELA SCOS Standards

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking; demonstrate proficiency within the appropriate grade band grammar continuum.

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking; demonstrate proficiency within the 9-12 grammar continuum.

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing; demonstrate proficiency within the 9-12 conventions continuum.

Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening.

Vary syntax for effect, consulting references for guidance as needed; apply an understanding of syntax to the study of complex texts when reading.

Determine and/or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grades 11–12 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies: context clues, word parts, word relationships, and reference materials.

Demonstrate understanding of figurative language and nuances in word meanings.

Interpret figures of speech in context and analyze their role in the text based on grades 11-12 reading and content.

Analyze nuances in the meaning of words with similar denotations.

Acquire and use accurately general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in developing vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing; demonstrate proficiency within the appropriate grade band conventions continuum.

Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening.

Determine and/or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases by using context clues, analyzing meaningful word parts, word relationships, and consulting general and specialized reference materials, as appropriate.

Demonstrate understanding of figurative language and nuances in word meanings.

Acquire and use accurately a range of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in developing vocabulary knowledge when encountering an unknown term important to comprehension or expression.

Language

Speaking and Listening

Reading Informational Text

Writing

Reading Literature

K-12 not applicable to literature.

Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

Read and understand complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently, connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text, including determining where the text leaves matters uncertain.

By the end of grade 11, read and understand informational texts within the 11-12 text complexity band proficiently and independently for sustained periods of time. Connect prior knowledge and experiences to text. By the end of grade 12, read and understand informational texts at the high end of the 11-12 text complexity band proficiently and independently for sustained periods of time. Connect prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Determine two or more central ideas of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text, including how they interact and build on one another to provide a complex analysis; provide an objective summary of the text.

Analyze a complex set of ideas or sequence of events and explain how specific individuals, ideas, or events interact and develop over the course of the text.

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text; analyze how an author uses and refines the meaning of a key term or terms over the course of a text.

Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the structure an author uses in his or her exposition or argument, including whether the structure makes points clear, convincing, and engaging.

Determine an author's point of view or purpose in a text in which the rhetoric is particularly effective, analyzing how style and content contribute to the power, and/or persuasiveness of the text.

Integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information presented in different media or formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words in order to address a question or solve a problem.

Delineate and evaluate the reasoning in influential U.S. and/or British texts, including the premises, purposes, and arguments in works of public advocacy.

Analyze foundational U.S. and/or British documents of historical and literary significance for their themes, purposes, and rhetorical features.

Determine central ideas (RI) or themes (RL) of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.

Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.

Assess how point of view, perspective, or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.

Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.

Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.

Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

Read and understand complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently, connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text, including determining where the text leaves matters uncertain.

By the end of grade 11, read and understand literature within the 11-12 text complexity band proficiently and independently for sustained periods of time. Connect prior knowledge and experiences to text. By the end of grade 12, read and understand literature at the high end of the 11-12 text complexity band proficiently and independently for sustained periods of time. Connect prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Determine two or more themes of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text, including how they interact and build on one another to produce a complex account; provide an objective summary of the text.

Analyze the impact of the author's choices regarding how to develop and relate elements of a story or drama.

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text; analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone, including words with multiple meanings or language that is particularly engaging.

Analyze how an author's choices concerning how to construct specific parts of a text contribute to its overall structure and meaning as well as its effect on the reader.

Analyze a case in which grasping perspective requires distinguishing what is directly stated in a text from what is really meant.

Analyze multiple interpretations of a story, drama, or poem, evaluating how each version interprets the source text.

Analyze how two or more texts from the same period treat similar themes or topics and compare the approaches the authors take.

Determine central ideas (RI) or themes (RL) of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.

Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.

Assess how point of view, perspective, or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.

Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.

Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.

Prepare for and participate effectively in a range of conversations and collaborations with diverse partners, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively.

Initiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher-led) with diverse partners on grades 11–12 topics, texts, and issues, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively.

Come to discussions prepared, having read and researched material under study; explicitly draw on that preparation by referring to evidence from texts and other research on the topic or issue to stimulate a thoughtful, well-reasoned exchange of ideas.

Work with peers to promote civil, democratic discussions and decision-making, set clear goals and deadlines, and establish individual roles as needed.

Propel conversations by posing and responding to questions that probe reasoning and evidence; ensure a hearing for a full range of positions on a topic or issue; clarify, verify, or challenge ideas and conclusions; and promote divergent and creative perspectives.

Respond thoughtfully to diverse perspectives; synthesize comments, claims, and evidence made on all sides of an issue; resolve contradictions when possible; and determine what additional information or research is required to deepen the investigation or complete the task.

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse formats and media in order to make informed decisions and solve problems, evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source and noting any discrepancies among the data.

Evaluate a speaker's point of view, reasoning, and use of evidence and rhetoric, assessing the stance, premises, links among ideas, word choice, points of emphasis, and tone used.

Present information, findings, and supporting evidence, conveying a clear and distinct perspective, such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning, alternative or opposing perspectives are addressed, and the organization, development, substance, and style are appropriate to purpose, audience, and a range of formal and informal tasks.

Make strategic use of digital media in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Integrate and evaluate information presented in diverse media and formats, including visually, quantitatively, and orally.

Evaluate a speaker's point of view, reasoning, and use of evidence and rhetoric.

Present information, findings, and supporting evidence such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.

Make strategic use of digital media and visual displays of data to express information and enhance understanding of presentations.

Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.

Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.

Organize information and ideas around a topic to plan and prepare to write.

Introduce precise, knowledgeable claim(s), establish the significance of the claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that logically sequences claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.

Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly and thoroughly, supplying the most relevant evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience's knowledge level, concerns, values, and possible biases.

Use words, phrases, and clauses as well as varied syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.

Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.

Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.

Develop and strengthen writing as needed by revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience.

Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.

Organize information and ideas around a topic to plan and prepare to write.

Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information so that each new element builds on that which precedes it to create a unified whole; include formatting, graphics, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.

Develop the topic thoroughly by selecting the most significant and relevant facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience's knowledge of the topic.

Use appropriate and varied transitions and syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts.

Use precise language, domain-specific vocabulary, and techniques such as metaphor, simile, and analogy to manage the complexity of the topic.

Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.

Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented.

Develop and strengthen writing as needed by revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience.

Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.

Organize information and ideas around a topic to plan and prepare to write.

Engage and orient the reader by setting out a problem, situation, or observation and its significance, establishing one or multiple point(s) of view, and introducing a narrator and/or characters; create a smooth progression of experiences or events.

Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, description, reflection, and multiple plot lines, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters.

Use a variety of techniques to sequence events so that they build on one another to create a coherent whole and build toward a particular tone and outcome.

Use precise words and phrases, telling details, and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, setting, and/or characters.

Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative.

Develop and strengthen writing as needed by revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience.

Use digital tools and resources to produce, publish, and update individual or shared writing products in response to ongoing feedback, including new arguments or information.

Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects to answer a question (including a self-generated question) or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation.

Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources, using advanced searches effectively; assess the strengths and limitations of each source in terms of the task, purpose, and audience; integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism and overreliance on any one source and following a standard format for citation.

Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.

Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.

Use digital tools and resources to produce and publish writing and to interact and collaborate with others.

Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects based on focused questions, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation.

Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, assess the credibility and accuracy of each source, and integrate the information while avoiding plagiarism.

Demonstrate standard English grammar and usage within the 9-12 grammar continuum when writing or communicating.

Demonstrate understanding of conventions of standard English within 9-12 conventions continuum when writing.

Use language to achieve desired outcomes when communicating by using a variety of simple and compound sentence structures

Demonstrate knowledge of unknown and multiple-meaning words drawn from grade 11-12 content using context clues.

Demonstrate understanding of simple figures of speech encountered while reading or listening.

Use general academic and domain-specific words and phrases across contexts.

CCR Anchor Standard L.2 – Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing; demonstrate proficiency within the appropriate grade band conventions continuum.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.4: Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

CR Anchor Standard RI.10: Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently, connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

SPEAKING AND LISTENING

CCR Anchor Standard RI.5 – Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.

Omitted because it is an expectation of RL and RI Standards

CCR Anchor Standard W.2 – Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.

CCR Anchor Standard L.6 – Acquire and use accurately a range of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in developing vocabulary knowledge when encountering an unknown term important to comprehension or expression.

READING: INFORMATIONAL TEXT

Integrated into Standards W.1, W.2, and W.3

CCR Anchor Standard W.3 – Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.6 – Determine whether information presented in diverse media (book, newspaper, video, television, internet) is credible and identify discrepancies.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.1 – Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.6 Assess how point of view, perspective, or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.6: Assess how point of view, perspective, or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.

K-12 Not applicable to literature

CCR Anchor Standard W.1 – Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.3 – Determine whether information presented in diverse media (book, newspaper, video, television, internet) is credible and identify discrepancies.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.2 –Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

CR Anchor Standard W.4: Use digital tools and resources to produce and publish writing and to interact and collaborate with others.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.5 – Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.4 – Present information, findings, and supporting evidence such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.

CCR Anchor Standard W.9 (in 2010 Standards) – 2010: Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research. Proposed: Omitted because it is an expectation of RL and RI Standards

CCR Anchor Standard SL.5 – Make strategic use of digital media and visual displays of data to express information and enhance understanding of presentations.

READING: LITERATURE

CCR Anchor Standard RL.3 –Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.

CCR Anchor Standard L.4 – Determine and clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases by using context clues, analyzing meaningful word parts, and consulting general and specialized reference materials, as appropriate.

RL.4: Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.8 – Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

CCR Anchor Standard L.1 – Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking; demonstrate proficiency within the appropriate grade band grammar continuum.

CCR Anchor Standard W.5 (from Proposed Standards – was W.7 in 2010 Standards) – Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects based on focused questions, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.1 – Prepare for and participate effectively in a range of conversations and collaborations with diverse partners, building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.1 – Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.2 – Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

CCRAnchorStandardRL.9 – Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.3 – Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.8 – Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.2 – Integrate and evaluate information presented in diverse media and formats, including visually, quantitatively, and orally.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.7 – Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.

LANGUAGE

CCR Anchor Standard RI.9 – Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.

WRITING

CCR Anchor Standard W.10 (in 2010 Standards) – 2010: Write routinely over extended time frames (time for research, reflection, and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences.

CCR Anchor Standard L.5 – Demonstrate understanding of figurative language and nuances in word meanings.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.10: Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently, connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

CCR Anchor Standard W.6 (from Proposed Standards – was W.8 in 2010 Standards) – Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, assess the credibility and accuracy of each source, and integrate the information while avoiding plagiarism.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.7 – Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.

CCR Anchor Standard L.3 – Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully reading or listening.

Analyze a text to determine its meaning and cite textual evidence to support explicit and implicit understanding.

Actively engage in reading of information text for sustained periods of time for the purpose of connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Determine the central idea of a text and select details that show how it is conveyed in the text; recount the text.

Determine how individuals, ideas, or events change over the course of the text.

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text; determine how the author uses a key term over the course of a text

Determine whether the structure of a text enhances an author’s claim.

Determine author’s point of view and compare and contrast it with own point of view.

Analyze information presented in different media on related topics to answer questions or solve problems.

Demonstrate understandings of claims and arguments in works of public advocacy.

Compare and contrast the arguments made by authors of two different texts on the same topic

Analyze a text to determine its meaning and cite textual evidence to support explicit and implicit understandings.

Actively engage in reading for the purpose of connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text for sustained periods of time."

Recount the main events of the text which are related to the theme or central idea.

Determine how characters, the setting or events change over the course of the text.

Determine the intended meaning of multi-meaning words in a text.

Determine how the author’s choice of where to end the story contributes to the meaning.

Determine the point of view when there is a difference between the author’s actual language and intended meaning.

Compare two or more interpretations of a story, drama, or poem.

Compare themes and topics of two or more texts from the same period by different authors.

Engage in collaborative discussions.

Prepare for discussions by collecting information on the topic.

Work with peers to set rules and goals for discussions.

Ask and answer questions to verify or clarify own ideas and understandings during a discussion.

Respond to agreements and disagreements in a discussion.

Determine the credibility and accuracy of information presented across diverse media or formats.

Determine whether the claims and reasoning enhance the speaker’s argument on a topic.

Communicate findings including relevant descriptions, facts, or details as well as alternative or opposing information, with and organization that supports purpose, audience and task.

Use digital media strategically in presentations to support understanding and add interest.

Integrated into SL.4

Write arguments to support claims.

Write an argument to support a claim that results from studying a topic or reading a text.

Support claims with reasons and evidence drawn from text.

Provide a closing or concluding statement.

Write to share information supported by details.

Introduce a topic clearly and write an informative or explanatory text that conveys ideas, concepts, and information including visual, tactual, or multimedia information as appropriate.

Develop the topic with relevant facts, details, or quotes.

Use complete, simple sentences, as well as compound and other complex sentences as appropriate.

Use domain specific vocabulary when writing claims related to a topic of study or text.

Provide a closing or concluding statement.

Write about events or personal experiences.

Write a narrative about a problem, situation, or observation including at least one character, details, and clearly sequenced events.

Organize the events in the narrative using temporal words to signal order and add cohesion.

Use descriptive words and phrases to convey a vivid picture of experiences, events, setting, or characters.

Provide a closing.

Use digital tools to produce, publish and update an individual or shared writing project.

Conduct research projects to answer questions posed by self and others using multiple sources of information.

Write answers to research questions by selecting relevant information from multiple resources.

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking; demonstrate proficiency within the appropriate grade band grammar continuum.

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing; demonstrate proficiency within the appropriate grade band conventions continuum.

Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening.

Determine and/or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases by using context clues, analyzing meaningful word parts, word relationships, and consulting general and specialized reference materials, as appropriate.

Demonstrate understanding of figurative language and nuances in word meanings.

Acquire and use accurately a range of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in developing vocabulary knowledge when encountering an unknown term important to comprehension or expression.

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking; demonstrate proficiency within the 9-12 grammar continuum.

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing; demonstrate proficiency within the 9-12 conventions continuum.

Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening.

Write and edit work so that it conforms to the guidelines in a style manual appropriate for the discipline and writing type.

Use parallel structure.

Determine and/or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grades 9–10 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies: context clues, word parts, word relationships, and reference materials.

Demonstrate understanding of figurative language and nuances in word meanings.

Interpret figures of speech in context and analyze their role in the text based on grades 9-10 reading and content.

Analyze nuances in the meaning of words with similar denotations.

Acquire and use accurately general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in developing vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.

Writing

Reading Literature

Language

Reading Informational Text

K-12 not applicable to literature.

Speaking and Listening

Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

Read and understand complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently, connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Determine central ideas (RI) or themes (RL) of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.

Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.

Assess how point of view, perspective, or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.

Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.

Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.

Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

By the end of grade 9, read and understand informational texts within the 9-10 text complexity band proficiently and independently for sustained periods of time. Connect prior knowledge and experiences to text. By the end of grade 10, read and understand informational texts at the high end of the 9-10 text complexity band proficiently and independently for sustained periods of time. Connect prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text.

Analyze how the author unfolds an analysis or series of ideas or events including the order in which the points are made, how they are introduced and developed, and the connections that are drawn between them.

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone.

Analyze how an author's ideas or claims are developed and refined by particular sentences, paragraphs, or larger portions of a text.

Determine an author's point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how an author uses rhetoric to advance that point of view or purpose.

Analyze various accounts of a subject told in different mediums, determining which details are emphasized in each account.

Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is valid and the evidence is relevant and sufficient; identify false statements and fallacious reasoning.

Analyze influential documents of historical and literary significance, including how they address related themes and concepts.

Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

Read and understand complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently, connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Determine central ideas (RI) or themes (RL) of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.

Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.

Assess how point of view, perspective, or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.

Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.

Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.

Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

By the end of grade 9, read and understand literature within the 9-10 text complexity band proficiently and independently for sustained periods of time. Connect prior knowledge and experiences to text. By the end of grade 10, read and understand literature at the high end of the 9-10 text complexity band proficiently and independently for sustained periods of time. Connect prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Determine a theme of a text and analyze in detail its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text.

Analyze how complex characters develop over the course of a text, interact with other characters, and advance the plot or develop the theme.

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone.

Analyze how an author's choices concerning how to structure a text, order events within it, and manipulate time create effects such as mystery, tension, or surprise.

Analyze a particular perspective or cultural experience reflected in a work of literature from outside the United States, drawing on a wide reading of world literature.

Analyze the representation of a subject or a key scene in two different artistic mediums, including what is emphasized or absent in each treatment.

Analyze how an author adopts or adapts source material in a specific work.

Prepare for and participate effectively in a range of conversations and collaborations with diverse partners, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively.

Integrate and evaluate information presented in diverse media and formats, including visually, quantitatively, and orally.

Evaluate a speaker's point of view, reasoning, and use of evidence and rhetoric.

Present information, findings, and supporting evidence such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.

Make strategic use of digital media and visual displays of data to express information and enhance understanding of presentations.

Initiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher-led) with diverse partners on grades 9–10 topics, texts, and issues, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively.

Come to discussions prepared, having read and researched material under study; explicitly draw on that preparation by referring to evidence from texts and other research on the topic or issue to stimulate a thoughtful, well-reasoned exchange of ideas.

Work with peers to set rules for collegial discussions and decision-making, clear goals and deadlines, and individual roles as needed.

Propel conversations by posing and responding to questions that relate the current discussion to broader themes or larger ideas; actively incorporate others into the discussion; and clarify, verify, or challenge ideas and conclusions.

Respond thoughtfully to diverse perspectives, summarize points of agreement and disagreement, and, when warranted, qualify or justify their own views and understanding and make new connections in light of the evidence and reasoning presented.

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats, evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.

Evaluate a speaker's point of view, reasoning, and use of evidence and rhetoric, identifying any fallacious reasoning or exaggerated or distorted evidence.

Present information, findings, and supporting evidence clearly, concisely, and logically such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, substance, and style are appropriate to purpose, audience, and task.

Make strategic use of digital media in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.

Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.

Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.

Use digital tools and resources to produce and publish writing and to interact and collaborate with others.

Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects based on focused questions, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation.

Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, assess the credibility and accuracy of each source, and integrate the information while avoiding plagiarism.

Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.

Organize information and ideas around a topic to plan and prepare to write.

Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.

Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly, supplying evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience's knowledge level and concerns.

Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.

Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.

Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.

Develop and strengthen writing as needed by revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience.

Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.

Organize information and ideas around a topic to plan and prepare to write.

Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information to make important connections and distinctions; include formatting, graphics, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.

Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience's knowledge of the topic.

Use appropriate and varied transitions to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts.

Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to manage the complexity of the topic.

Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.

Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented.

Develop and strengthen writing as needed by revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience.

Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.

Organize information and ideas around a topic to plan and prepare to write.

Engage and orient the reader by setting out a problem, situation, or observation, establishing one or multiple point(s) of view, and introducing a narrator and/or characters; create a smooth progression of experiences or events.

Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, description, reflection, and multiple plot lines, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters.

Use a variety of techniques to sequence events so that they build on one another to create a coherent whole.

Use precise words and phrases, telling details, and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, setting, and/or characters.

Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative.

Develop and strengthen writing as needed by revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience.

Use digital tools and resources to produce, publish, and update individual or shared writing products, taking advantage of technology's capacity to link to other information and to display information flexibly and dynamically.

Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects to answer a question (including a self-generated question) or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation.

Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources, using advanced searches effectively; assess the usefulness of each source in answering the research question; integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation.

Demonstrate standard English grammar and usage within the 9-12 grammar continuum when writing or communicating.

Demonstrate understanding of conventions of standard English within 9-12 conventions continuum when writing.

Use language and vary syntax when writing and communicating to achieve desired outcomes.

Demonstrate knowledge of unknown and multiple-meaning words drawn from grade 9-10 content using context clues.

Demonstrate understanding of word relationships and use.

Interpret common figures of speech.

Determine the intended meaning of multiple meaning words.

Use general academic and domain-specific words and phrases across contexts.

RL.4: Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

Omitted because it is an expectation of RL and RI Standards

CCR Anchor Standard W.5 (from Proposed Standards – was W.7 in 2010 Standards) – Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects based on focused questions, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation.

CCRAnchorStandardRL.9 – Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.

CCR Anchor Standard W.10 (in 2010 Standards) – 2010: Write routinely over extended time frames (time for research, reflection, and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences.

CCR Anchor Standard L.5 – Demonstrate understanding of figurative language and nuances in word meanings.

CCR Anchor Standard W.6 (from Proposed Standards – was W.8 in 2010 Standards) – Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, assess the credibility and accuracy of each source, and integrate the information while avoiding plagiarism.

CR Anchor Standard RI.10: Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently, connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.8 – Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

CCR Anchor Standard L.3 – Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully reading or listening.

K-12 Not applicable to literature

CCR Anchor Standard RL.6 Assess how point of view, perspective, or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.5 – Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.

CCR Anchor Standard L.4 – Determine and clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases by using context clues, analyzing meaningful word parts, and consulting general and specialized reference materials, as appropriate.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.2 – Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

CCR Anchor Standard W.2 – Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.

READING: LITERATURE

CCR Anchor Standard RL.10: Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently, connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.5 – Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.3 – Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.7 – Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.

SPEAKING AND LISTENING

WRITING

Integrated into Standards W.1, W.2, and W.3

CCR Anchor Standard SL.4 – Present information, findings, and supporting evidence such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.1 – Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.9 – Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.5 – Make strategic use of digital media and visual displays of data to express information and enhance understanding of presentations.

LANGUAGE

CCR Anchor Standard SL.2 – Integrate and evaluate information presented in diverse media and formats, including visually, quantitatively, and orally.

CCR Anchor Standard W.3 – Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.6 – Determine whether information presented in diverse media (book, newspaper, video, television, internet) is credible and identify discrepancies.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.3 –Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.2 –Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.8 – Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.7 – Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.6: Assess how point of view, perspective, or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.

CCR Anchor Standard W.1 – Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.

READING: INFORMATIONAL TEXT

CCR Anchor Standard L.6 – Acquire and use accurately a range of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in developing vocabulary knowledge when encountering an unknown term important to comprehension or expression.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.3 – Determine whether information presented in diverse media (book, newspaper, video, television, internet) is credible and identify discrepancies.

CCR Anchor Standard L.1 – Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking; demonstrate proficiency within the appropriate grade band grammar continuum.

CCR Anchor Standard L.2 – Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing; demonstrate proficiency within the appropriate grade band conventions continuum.

CCR Anchor Standard RL.1 – Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

CCR Anchor Standard RI.4: Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

CR Anchor Standard W.4: Use digital tools and resources to produce and publish writing and to interact and collaborate with others.

CCR Anchor Standard SL.1 – Prepare for and participate effectively in a range of conversations and collaborations with diverse partners, building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively.

CCR Anchor Standard W.9 (in 2010 Standards) – 2010: Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research. Proposed: Omitted because it is an expectation of RL and RI Standards

Determine which citations demonstrate what the text says explicitly as well as inferentially.

Actively engage in reading of information text for sustained periods of time for the purpose of connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text.

Determine the central idea of the text and select details that relate to it; recount the text

Determine connections between individuals, ideas, or events in a text.

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in text; analyze word choices and the impact on meaning.

Locate sentences that support an author’s central idea or claim.

Determine author’s point of view and compare with own point of view.

Analyze two accounts of a subject told in different mediums to compare and contrast them.

Analyze the argument or specific claims in a text and determine what evidence is provided to support them.

Make connections between texts with related themes and concepts.

Determine which citations demonstrate what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

Actively engage in reading for the purpose of connecting prior knowledge and experiences to text for sustained periods of time."

Determine which citations demonstrate what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

Determine how characters change or develop over the course of a text.

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in text; analyze word choices and the impact on meaning.

Order events in a story that appear in a chronological order.

Determine a point of view or cultural experience in a work of literature from outside the United States and compare it with own point of view or experience.

Compare the representation of a subject or topic in two different artistic mediums.

Identify when an author draws upon or references a different text.

Communicate with others in group interactions.

Prepare for discussions by collecting information on the topic.

Work with adults and peers to set rules for discussions.

Relate the topic of discussion to broader themes or ideas.

Indicate agreement or disagreement with others during discussions.

Determine the credibility of information presented in diverse media or formats.

Determine the speaker’s point of view on a topic.

Communicate findings including relevant descriptions, facts or details with an organization that supports purpose, audience, and task.

Use digital media in presentations to support understanding.

Integrated into SL.4

Write claims about topics or texts.

Introduce a topic or text and write one claim and one counterclaim about it.

Write to share information supported by details.

Introduce a topic clearly and use a clear organization to write about it including visual, tactual, or multimedia information as appropriate.

Develop the topic with facts or details.

Use complete, simple sentences as appropriate.

Use domain specific vocabulary when writing claims related to a topic of study or text.

Providing a closing or concluding statement.

Write about events or personal experiences.

Write a narrative about a problem, situation, or observation including at least one character, details, and clearly sequenced events.

Organize the events in the narrative using temporal words to signal order as appropriate.

Use descriptive words and phrases to convey a vivid picture of experiences, events, setting, or characters.

Provide a closing.

Use digital tools to produce, publish, and update individual or shared writing products.

Conduct research projects to answer questions posed by self and others using multiple sources of information.

Write answers to research questions by selecting relevant information from multiple resources.

Narrate.Interpretive: Interpret language arts narratives (with prompting and support) by:

Identifying themes or central ideas that develop over the course of a text

Analyzing how author choices about character attributes and actions relate to story elements (setting, event sequences, and context)

Evaluating the impact of specific word choices on meaning, tone, and explicit vs. implicit points of view

Narrate.Expressive: Construct language arts narratives (with prompting and support) that:

Orient audience to context and one or multiple point(s) of view

Develop and describe characters and their relationships over a progression of experiences or events

Develop story, advancing the plot and themes with complications and resolutions, time and event sequences

Engage and adjust for audience

Inform.Interpretive: Interpret informational texts in language arts (with prompting and support) by:

Identifying and/or summarizing central ideas

Analyzing descriptions and inferences in textual evidence for key attributes, qualities, characteristics, activities, and conceptual relationships

Evaluating cumulative impact and refinement of author’s key word choices over the course of text

Inform.Expressive: Construct informational texts in language arts (with prompting and support) that:

Introduce and define topic and/or entity for audience

Establish an objective or neutral stance

Add precision, details, and clarity about complex attributes, qualities, characteristics, activities, and conceptual relationships

Develop coherence and cohesion throughout text

Argue.Interpretive: Interpret language arts arguments by:

Identifying and summarizing central ideas of primary or secondary sources

Analyzing use of rhetoric and details to advance point of view or purpose

Evaluating and corroborating relevance and sufficiency of evidence as well as validity of reasoning to support claims

Argue.Expressive: Construct language arts arguments that:

Introduce and develop precise claims and address counterclaims

Support claims and refute counterclaims with valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence

Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone

Logically organize claims, counterclaims, reasons, and evidence; offer a conclusion with recommendations

Explain.Interpretive: Interpret mathematical explanations by:

Identifying concept or entity

Analyzing data and owning problem-solving approaches

Evaluating rationales, models, and/or interpretations based on evidence and mathematical principles

Explain.Expressive: Construct mathematical explanations that:

Introduce mathematical concept or entity

Share solutions with others

Describe data and/or approach used to solve a problem

State reasoning used to generate own or alternate solutions

Argue.Interpretive: Interpret mathematics arguments by:

Comparing conjectures with previously established results and stated assumptions

Distinguishing correct from flawed logic

Evaluating relationships among evidence and mathematical principles to create generalizations

Argue.Expressive: Construct mathematics arguments that:

Create precise conjecture, using definitions, previously established results, and stated assumptions

Generalize logical relationships across cases

Justify (and refute) conclusions with evidence and mathematical principles

Evaluate and extend others’ arguments

Explain.Interpretive: Interpret scientific explanations by:

Describe reliable and valid evidence from multiple sources about a phenomenon

Defining investigable questions or problems based on observations, information, and/or data about a phenomenon

Establish neutral or objective stance in how results are communicated

Paraphrasing central ideas in complex evidence, concepts, processes, and information to help explain how or why a phenomenon occurs

Develop reasoning to illustrate and/or predict the relationships between variables in a system or between components of a system

Evaluating the extent to which reasoning, theory and/or models link evidence to claims and support conclusions

Summarize and refine solutions referencing scientific knowledge, evidence, criteria, and/or trade-offs

Explain.Expressive: Construct scientific explanations that:

Argue.Interpretive: Interpret scientific arguments by:

Identifying appropriate and sufficient evidence from data, models, and/or information from investigations of a phenomenon or design solutions

Comparing reasoning and claims based on evidence from competing arguments or design solutions

Evaluating currently accepted explanations, new evidence, limitations (trade-offs), constraints, and ethical issues

Argue.Expressive Construct scientific arguments that:

Introduce and contextualize topic/phenomenon in current scientific or historical episodes in science

Defend or refute a claim based on data and evidence

Establish and maintain an appropriate tone and stance (neutral/objective or biased/subjective)

Signal logical relationships among reasoning, evidence, data, and/or models when making and defending a claim, counterclaim, and/or rebuttal

Narrate

Share ideas about one’s own and others’ lived experiences and previous learning

Connect stories with images and representations to add meaning

Identify and raise questions about what might be unexplained, missing, or left unsaid

Recount and restate ideas to sustain and move dialogue forward

Create closure, recap, and offer next steps

Inform

Define and classify facts and interpretations; determine what is known vs. unknown

Report on explicit and inferred characteristics, patterns, or behavior

Describe the parts and wholes of a system

Sort, clarify, and summarize relationships

Summarize most important aspects of information

Explain

Generate and convey initial thinking

Follow and describe cycles and sequences of steps or procedures and their causes and effects

Compare changing variables, factors, and circumstances

Offer alternatives to extend or deepen awareness of factors that contribute to particular outcomes

Act on feedback to revise understandings of how or why something is or works in particular ways

Argue

Generate questions about different perspectives

Support or challenge an opinion, premise, or interpretation

Clarify and elaborate ideas based on feedback

Evaluate changes in thinking, identifying trade-offs

Refine claims and reasoning based on new information or evidence

Explain.Interpretive Interpret social studies explanations by:

Determining multiple types of sources, points of view in sources, and potential uses of sources for answering compelling and supporting questions about phenomena or events

Analyzing sources for logical relationships among contributing factors, causes, or related concepts

Evaluating experts’ points of agreement and disagreement based on their consistency with explanation given its purpose

Explain.Expressive: Construct social studies explanations that:

Introduce and contextualize multiple phenomena or events

Establish perspective for communicating intended and unintended outcomes, consequences, or documentation

Develop sound reasoning, sequences with linear and nonlinear relationships, evidence, and details with significant and pertinent information, acknowledging strengths and weaknesses

Generalize experts’ points of agreement and disagreement about multiple, complex causes and effects of developments or events

Argue.Interpretive: Interpret social studies arguments by:

Identifying topic and purpose (argue in favor of or against a position, present a balanced interpretation, challenge perspective)

Analyzing relevant information to support and/or revise claims with reliable and valid evidence from multiple sources

Evaluating credibility, accuracy, and relevancy of source based on expert perspectives

Argue.Expressive: Construct social studies arguments that:

Introduce and contextualize topic

Select relevant information to support precise and knowledgeable claims with evidence from multiple sources

Establish perspective

Show relationships between claims and counterclaims, differences in perspectives, evidence, and reasoning

Science

Math

Language Arts

Social/ Instructional

Social Studies